Introduction

Let’s look at each step in detail.

Step 1️⃣ — Analyse the Question

Always underline key instruction words (e.g. advantages, causes, opinions).
Also, identify question type — opinion, discussion, advantage/disadvantage, etc.

Example Question:

Some people believe governments should spend money on railways rather than roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Analysis:

• Topic: Government transport spending
• Type: Opinion essay
• Keywords: railways, roads, government investment
• Task: Express your opinion and justify it with examples.

✅ Band 8 Tip: Never start writing until you know exactly what type of essay you’re answering.

Step 2️⃣ — Decide Your Position

Before you plan paragraphs, decide your overall view:

• Do you completely agree, partly agree, or disagree?

This helps you stay consistent from start to finish.

Example:

I believe governments should prioritise railways because they are more sustainable and efficient than roads.

✅ Band 9 Tip: State your position clearly in the introduction and conclusion using consistent language.

Step 3️⃣ — Brainstorm Ideas Quickly

Use short notes or bullet points — not full sentences.
Aim for two strong points (one per paragraph).

✅ Tip: Avoid too many points — two well-developed ideas are enough for Band 8+.

Step 4️⃣ — Outline Your Structure

Follow a 4-paragraph plan:

1️⃣ Introduction: Paraphrase + Thesis
2️⃣ Body Paragraph 1: Main idea + Example
3️⃣ Body Paragraph 2: Second idea + Example
4️⃣ Conclusion: Restate opinion + Summary

Example Outline (Opinion Essay):

• Intro: Governments should spend more on railways.
• BP1: Faster, cheaper, and eco-friendly transport → example from Japan.
• BP2: Roads cause pollution and congestion → example from big cities.
• Conclusion: Agree strongly — long-term sustainability benefits.

✅ Band 8 Tip: Always note your linking words before you start (e.g. Firstly, Moreover, However, Therefore).